Historical controversies of nectarine nomenclature prunus persica nectarina

Historical Controversies Of Nectarine Nomenclature, Prunus Persica Nectarina

The question of when history on nectarines began cannot be answered properly and with any certainty. Efforts to do this by some websites that suggest that nectarine Prunus persica nectarina history should begin in China in 2000 BC to correspond with the history of the peach is absurd for several reasons, unless it is assumed that a nectarine is a cultivar (variety) of a peach. In American agricultural and commercial fruit circles, the nectarine fruit is treated as a separate ...

nectarine

The question of when history on nectarines began cannot be answered properly and with any certainty. Efforts to do this by some websites that suggest that nectarine Prunus persica nectarina history should begin in China in 2000 BC to correspond with the history of the peach is absurd for several reasons, unless it is assumed that a nectarine is a cultivar (variety) of a peach. In American agricultural and commercial fruit circles, the nectarine fruit is treated as a separate species from peach, because of the wider possibilities in contrasting a few of the desirable characteristics of each fruit in a marketing campaign to sell more products. Many mischaracterizations of the nectarine development jump up before us to confuse and disorient potential buyers, such as the nectarine profile: promoted as resulting from a cross between a plum and a peach that is patently false. Nectarine fruit also has been described as a fuzzless peach, or as a mu

 

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Historical timeline for telescopes

 

Historical Timeline for Telescopes

It seems all the technology for telescopes started back in 2560 BC. Artisans in ancient Egypt polished rocks, glass, and semi-precious stones to make eyes for the sarcophagi. What follows is some major points in the history of how telescopes came to be today.
     In 470 BC, Mozi, a chinese philosopher, focused the sun's rays by using concave mirrors.
     In 4 BC, Seneca the Younger used water to magnify letters and words.
     In 23, Pliny the Elder discovered doctors using a crystal ball with the sun's rays beaming through it to cauterize wounds.
     In the ninth century, telescopes were possibly made from Visby lenses, a Middle Eastern glass.
     In 1520, Leonard Digges, an English mathematician, invented two telescopes Reflecting and Refracting.
     In 1608, A Dutch lensmaker, Hans Lippershey, applied for a patent on a design for a telescope.
     In 1609, Galileo improved on Lippershey's design and renamed it perspicillum - An Italian word for telescope.
     In 1616, Niccolo Zucchi invented a reflecting telescope.
     In 1663, James Gregory, a Scottish mathematician, produces a telescope with a parabolic primary mirror and an elliptical secondary mirror.
     In 1668, Isaac Newton designed a telescope using a parabolic primary mirror and a flat diagonal secondary mirror.
     In 1733, Chester Moore Hall created the achromatic lens.
     In 1880, Ernst Abbe invented the first orthoscopic eyepiece.
     In 1910, The Ritchey-Chretien telescope that is used in many of the large astronomical telescopes is invented by George Ritchey and Henri Chretien.
     In 1930, The Schmidt camera is created by Bernhard Schmidt.
     In 1937, Grote Reber developed a telescope for wavelengths ranging from radio to Xrays.
     In 1944, The Maksutov telescope is designed by Dmitri Maksutov.
     In 1962, The UK launched an orbiting solar telescope.
     In 1990, the Hubble Telescope was launched into space.
     In 2013, the James Webb Space Telescope will be launched and take the place of the Hubble.
     And this all started with the polishing of a few stones.
     

 

 

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